The Case of the Screaming Mimis

“Get away from me.”

Daisy is a horrible goat. Not a nice thing to say but it’s totally true. I can’t lay all the blame on her, it was how she was raised. When we got her she was nearly a year old and the bad attitude was already there. I can only guess that as a kid she was never really handled or she was harassed unmercifully. Either way she’s a bitch because of it.

If you’ve been following along for awhile you’ll know that Daisy is a homicidal goat. Some days I wonder if her sole purpose in life is to kill us. Don’t let her fool you, she’s small, but she’s fierce. If you’re out in the goat yard and walking across it she’ll run ahead of you jump up on a spool and swing her head at stomach level as you walk by hoping to gut you. I’m not joking either. She might let you scratch her back, but you have to be prepared to jump out of the way when her mood changes like a light switch and she turns on you. 
She’s also a terror on the milk stand. Fortunately the stanchion locks her head into place so you don’t have to worry about her stabbing your jugular while milking, but that doesn’t stop her from having a temper tantrum. She kicks, she bucks, she lays down. We’ve been able to remedy most of that by sticking a wooden box under her chest (hobbles didn’t work), but she’s still awful stomping back and forth trying to avoid your hands. Cooing, talking sweetly and giving her scratches only seems to intensify her disdain. 
When she had Mongo we thought maybe she had changed for the better. She wasn’t trying to kill us anymore and while Mongo wasn’t nearly as friendly as Mork, he would still come up to you for attention. Having Mongo seemed to chill her out. All good things come to an end I suppose. Now that Mongo is gone she’s back to her old self. 
Now Daisy has a new weapon in her arsenal. Screaming. At. The. Top. Of. Her. Lungs. When she’s in heat it means 3 days of screaming at us. If she doesn’t see any sign of us she’s quiet, but once a light goes on in the house that she can see, or one of us walks outside she screams. I guess it’s a good thing that it’s not constant, but it still drives us batshit crazy. The first time I heard her scream I thought she had her leg stuck in the fence or something equally horrible. Nope, she’s just sexually frustrated. If anyone has a remedy (other than breeding her) to get her to shut up just let us know!  
So what does this all mean for Daisy? Right now, nothing. We have to hang onto her because when you have goats, you must have at least two. They are herd animals and must have constant companionship. But we’re getting a third goat soon. But nope, she still won’t be going anywhere because we’ll be rotating her and Bella with the new goat (Sedona) for a constant supply of milk. But eventually we may be getting rid of her. We will be breeding Daisy again this Spring because I really want a daughter from her. She’s got great milking teats and good milk production potential for a Pygmy. After that though, we’ll have to rethink her position here. 
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Kitchen Gadgets You Need to Have!

A huge part of what we do here is gardening and raising livestock. But with that comes a lot of cooking and baking to prepare the foods we harvest. And let’s not forget that while going a year without groceries we have to process all of our food so anything that saves time and makes our life easier is going to be in our kitchen. So in time for the holidays I’ve decided to do a list of my favorite, can’t-live-without kitchen gadgets that the cook in your family might enjoy but doesn’t have yet.

**Disclaimer: I am not receiving any monetary compensation for listing these items. I have not used all of these specific brands so I cannot vouch for their quality. This is simply a guide to show my favorite tools.

The Mandoline. I use this all the time for cutting pickling cucumbers, slicing onions, making fries, and when I have to do a lot of slicing.

The Immersion or Stick Blender. I use this for making mayonnaise (makes it in less tan 30 seconds), whipping cream, making purees, and creamy soups. It doesn’t work for beating egg whites, but I’ve got a standard hand mixer for that.

The Microplane. This is great for zesting citrus. I also use it to grate frozen ginger into a paste. You can also grate garlic, spices like nutmeg or just about anything else with it.

The Citrus Zester. This is indispensable when making marmalade. It eliminates having to slice the zest off and then trying to cut long, thin, even strips.

The Pasta Machine. There is nothing quite like homemade pasta. I also use it to make crackers because it makes a nice, even, very thin sheet, which is what you need for making crackers crisp.

The Kitchen Scale. Sometimes you need to know weights of foods instead of just volume measurements. I use my scale every day.

The Food Mill. I appreciate this tool more than any other item in our kitchen except for the mandoline. But they are on equal footing. We used ours primarily for making homemade tomato sauce. It eliminates the need to seed and peel the tomatoes. We just boil the tomatoes and then run them through the mill and it removes all the skins and seeds. It’s also good for making apple sauce, jams and gnocchi.

The Pizza Stone. We make pizza once a week and this is probably the best thing I’ve ever purchased. It’s also great for baking bread on and can be used in the barbecue. The key is to get it really hot before putting the dough on it. We got a red one that changes color when it gets hot. 

The Cast Iron Dutch Oven. Not just for braising and stewing. I find this key for baking the crusty artisan type breads. We use ours almost weekly. And you don’t have to buy the expensive brands. As long as it’s cast iron it will do it’s magic. Sometimes you can even get lucky and find one at a thrift store. Enameled or not, get one!

The Pressure Canner. If you ever plan on canning low acid foods this is a must have. Today’s canners are not as scary as they once were and you just have to treat it right. We actually have two of these. The first one got knocked off a 6′ shelf by a naughty cat, so it’s now my water bath canner. If you get one just make sure to have it tested once a year. Most Cooperative Extensions can help you get that done.

The Grain Mill. Manual or electric, if you want the best whole wheat flour you’ll need to mill it yourself. The oil in the bran quickly goes rancid once the grain has been milled so for the best tasting flour you’ll need to grind it right before use.

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Monday’s Guests – Experimenting with Hugelkultur

Today’s post comes from Brad from Highly Uncivilized. Seriously, he comes up with some of the best experiments, from making water from the atmosphere and making compost tea. I think this post really resonates with me because I’m interested in dry farming. I’d just have to find a large source of cheap wood. Maybe I’ll contact the tree guy that gives us free mulch and see if I can get logs from him. 
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Moving from low tech permaculture to lower tech permaculture
hugelkultur raised bed
Hugelkultur raised bed

Can a garden go all summer with only one watering? Can you easily sustain plants from less arid zones? Can a simple, low tech trick transform your dirt into an active soil web that feeds plants, fights bad critters and prevents disease?

These are some of the claims that made me interested in trying Hugelkultur at home – but what is it?

Hugelkultur is a method of building planting beds by covering wood with dirt; big piles of wood and sometimes other organic matter. You can dig a trench and fill it with wood, or just pile the wood on the ground and cover it. There are many different approaches as Paul Wheaton points out, and the results are impressive. This has to be one of the most low tech systems I’ve ever heard of.

Why would you do this?  As the wood rots, it has an incredible capacity for holding water, and creates a nifty little ecosphere to promote a healthy soil web of microbes, fungi, insects and worms.  Eventually the decaying matter provides nutrients to the plants and critters, and as the wood decays it helps to prevent the soil from becoming compacted.  Some experts say the results can positively impact the bed for 15 to 20 years.  Plus it’s a very fun word to say.

I had a big pile of firewood from some dying trees we took down several years ago, and rather than starting a new bed, I decided to convert an existing raised bed planter. I’ve seen videos of giant Hugelkultur beds, but several permaculture resources recommended approximately 6′x3′ dimensions, so my 4′x4′ planter should be perfect. Incidentally, this is one of the same beds from the worm tower article. I started by removing all the dirt from the planter, and went down about another foot below ground level.

When I removed the worm tower it was full of happy worm life, with worms in the tube, and hanging out of the holes in the side. There was some pretty solid evidence that the worms were venturing in and out of the tube to feed on the bacteria in the compost and bring the nutrients directly to the soil. The soil also had an abundance of regular earthworms, a big change from several years ago. I almost hated to pull this bed apart because the things we tried in past years had really seemed to work, but the dramatic claims around the benefits of Hugelkultur make it a worthy experiment.

After the dirt was removed I layered in the wood, and added a couple of buckets of compost from different stages. Avoid using wood from trees that contain natural toxins, like cedar and others from this list here – and if you find a good list of recommended wood to use, please post it in the comments for this article. I covered the whole thing with the dirt I removed, and then covered it with white clover seeds. The full set of project pics are here.

Maybe we’ll go “no till” and leave the clover in with the garden next year – not sure yet. I haven’t seen anyone add unfinished compost, so that was a random addition, but I have several stages going, which may give a jump-start to the soil life.

Later that evening after I finished the bed, we had our first, gentle, all–night rain of the season.

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Green Tomato Lemon Marmalade

Cook down halved or quartered tomatoes

We were given a slew of green tomatoes. Last week I picked out the ripe ones and made pizza sauce.Now what to do with all the green ones? We did make some fried green tomatoes, but that didn’t even make a dent in them. At first I wanted to make a chutney but a friend of ours gave us some lemons (and some canned items) for helping her cull an injured chicken she had. I love to make marmalade, but it wasn’t quite enough lemons to do that so I came up with the idea to do a green tomato lemon marmalade.

Mill the tomatoes to remove seeds and skins

OK, so I have to be honest, I don’t like this marmalade. You do have to take that with a grain of salt though because I don’t like tomatoes very much. For the most part it does actually taste good, but for me I get this really strong zinc taste from it. That same taste you get when sucking on a zinc lozenge when your sick. No one else that’s tried it can taste zinc though. They all really like it, so I’m posting this because you can’t take my word on it.

Zest the lemons

 You will need a couple of specialized tools to help speed things up. First, you’ll need a food mill. Otherwise you can seed and skin the tomatoes the old fashioned way. Also, I highly recommend getting a zester for the lemons. This really helps making long, thin strands of zest for the marmalade. Otherwise you’ll need to carefully cut the zest away from the white pith and then slice it really thin. You don’t want to include the white pithy part of the peel because that is what will make the marmalade bitter.  Oh, and now that I’ve got myself a candy thermometer I can’t believe I went so long without it. So get one if you plan to make a lot of preserves.

Supreme the lemons

So what you need:
6lbs of Green tomatoes
1 1/2 lbs lemons
3/4 cup of sugar per 1 cup of liquid

1. Half or quarter the tomatoes and throw them into a pot. Bring them to a boil and let the tomatoes cook down. Once they are soft run them through a food mill to remove the seeds and skins.
2. While it’s cooking down, zest your lemons, cut off the white pith and outer membrane, and remove the pulp from the membrane (supreme).
3. Add everything together and then measure out how much you have. Add the sugar.
4. Cook down until your preserve has reached the gelling point at 220 deg F.
5. Ladle into sterile jars and process in a water bath canner for 10 minutes.

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Making the Most of a Long Weekend

Having a long weekend with few distractions has allowed us to take advantage of some time at home. We’ve been so busy lately that it’s nice to just be home and get stuff done. It was extra nice to spend most of Thursday relaxing and not doing much.

Friday, Tom got up at 2:30am to traipse off with his buddies to go pig hunting. They didn’t get anything but he had fun and I got some alone time to get some things done that I’ve been putting off because of distractions. I also processed the 20+lbs of apples that we had into 26 pints of applesauce. With the peels and cores I decided to give apple pectin a try. It seems to have worked out well and I look forward to making new jellies and jams that I couldn’t do previously because I refuse to buy commercial pectin (yes, I’m stubborn that way).

I have to say the applesauce came out perfect. It’s tart and sweet with a ton of flavor – just how I like it. I didn’t really write down a recipe. I just threw the peeled, cored and sliced apples into a large pot, added enough water to keep them from burning and cooked them down. I then ran them threw the food mill, put them back in the pot, added sugar to taste and a 1/4 cup of lemon juice just to up the acidity a bit. Put them in sterile jars and water bath canned them for 20 minutes.

Today after we got home from the farmers’ market we pulled everything out of the garden that was at it’s end. Asparagus, corn stalks, squash, cucumbers, everything. The weeds are pretty bad and I have no idea how we’ll ever conquer them but the first step will be laying down black plastic next week.

Now that the garden is cleaned up it’s time for some fermentation! Cottage cheese and sauerkraut are next on the list.

For tomorrow we’ll be laying down new irrigation lines, spreading compost and manure, make some cheddar cheese, and take some blood samples from our goats to send in for testing. Oh yeah, did I mention we’re getting a third doe? More on that later…

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Happy Thanksgiving!

We hope you have a wonderful Thanksgiving!
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Cutting Costs and Increasing Production

This is something I’ve been thinking about a lot. See, Tom and I have a plan to have everything but our house paid off in 3 years. And right now we’re pretty much on track, however, it would be nice to speed that up a bit by cutting costs where we can.

Our first order of cost cutting is to reduce the number of layer chickens we have to a manageable dozen. I became a bit of a chicken hoarder over the last few years and we got a bit out of control. Our older birds were past their prime so their time was up. I’m going to limit ourselves to 6 chicks per year on a rotational plan. Because we’re now only buying straight run from breeders, we’re hoping to get 3 hens out of the 6. You’re probably wondering how this will increase production. Well, a chicken is most productive between 1 and 2 years old. We had quite a few that are 3 and 4 years old that don’t really lay that much anymore. This dropped our rate of egg laying to about 58% during the summer (when all of our hens should have been laying 6 eggs a week) and 26% during the cooler months. Not such a great return. By culling the older non-productive hens we’ll be reducing the amount of feed we’ll have to spend. We’re now down to 11 hens for the winter. We’ll be adding 6 chicks this fall (3 Light Sussex and 3 Blue Laced Red Wyandottes) and then next year we’ll be culling 3 of our oldest hens in the group plus any roosters we end up with.

I’m also considering mixing my own chicken feed to further reduce costs. By doing this I can also control the protein levels especially during molt. I’ve toyed with the idea of possibly even selling the mix in the future to local chicken keepers.

But it’s not just chickens we want to cut costs on. I haven’t devised a way to cut costs on the rabbits or goats yet (other than also mixing their feeds and growing forage), but the garden is definitely something we can work on.

I think one of the biggest changes we can make is controlling the temperature of the soil and being more on top of the weeding. Our summers have been so cool the last couple of years I think it’s imperative to find ways to make things warmer for some of our plants. We’ll be using plastic mulch to heat the soil up while also suppressing the weeds. This will work best for those heat loving plants like tomatoes, melons, watermelons, squash, peppers and cucumbers. We’re also going to be looking into building row covers and a hoop house over some of these plants.  I’m also hoping that the potato boxes we plan on building will help increase our potato yields. Of course you have to spend some money to save some money we’re just hoping that we’ll save more than we spend.

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The Meat Bird Conclusion

Well, our meat bird raising experiment has concluded. We learned some things on the way and figured out what we’re going to do in the future.

Day old chicks

The biggest difference with raising these little meat monsters compared to dual purpose layers is that they aren’t nearly as hardy. Their biggest threat is pasty butt, which requires vigilance to keep them cleaned up. But even doing that doesn’t necessarily mean they’ll make it. Some, which seemed perfectly healthy would simply die. Of the 10 that we had, we lost 2 of them to unknown causes. We had another one with a deformed leg which caused spraddle leg, which is where the chick is perpetually doing the splits. At 6 weeks we had one that couldn’t walk anymore due to it’s weight so we had slaughter that one early.

At 6 weeks old

They also eat a ton of food, but because you only keep them for a short amount of time they don’t go through nearly as much as the dual purpose breeds to get to slaughter weight. Not to mention they are at least twice the size at slaughter than the dual purpose breeds. Their rate of growth is insane so it makes their feed:meat ratio really economical.

Another thing we noticed is that they run really hot. I don’t think I’ll raise them in the summer just because it would be too uncomfortable for them. Even though it has been really cool around here, they preferred not having the heat lamp on once they started to feather out. I’d even find them panting occasionally when the lamp was on and it was 50 deg F out.

When slaughter day came they were surprisingly heavy. They all dressed out at over 6lbs. We also did some of our old layers that day and the size difference was definitely apparent. They all came out around 3lbs.

So will we raise them again? Yeah, probably. We may try the Freedom Rangers next time to see the difference but you really just can’t beat the efficiency of these Cornish Cross compared to the Dual Purpose birds. I wish we had kept their feed separate from the layers so we could track it. Next time we definitely will.

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Pizza Sauce

I have to apologize for not posting much this past week. We’ve been crazy busy and I just haven’t had time to write. Hopefully this coming week will be a bit calmer.

Halved tomatoes

If we can save time it’s a bonus for us. Yes, I freely admit that I sometimes use a bread machine to save time, but I also know how to make bread by hand and sometimes I do. We’re so busy all of the time with the animals, garden, events, friends and family that half the time I don’t know how we have the time to do anything else.

Cooked down tomatoes, skins, seeds and all

Friday nights are pizza nights around here. Other than making the crust, the sauce is what can take the most time. It also seems a waste to open a quart of tomato sauce to make a cup of sauce so this year we decided to go ahead and can sauce. We put the sauce in 8 oz jars which end up being the perfect amount for one large pizza. It cuts our kitchen time in half by having these little jars.

Adding cooked tomatoes to the food mill to remove skins and seeds

I nearly wasn’t going to be able to post this recipe because we no longer had any tomatoes but Tom’s boss gave him two buckets of green tomatoes (green tomato recipe coming up next week). In that bucket there were quite a few red ones, actually more than I expected so I was able to make 12 more jars of it and finally make a post.

It doesn’t really matter how many tomatoes you have to do this because it can be multiplied or divided how you like.

If you process a lot of tomatoes I highly recommend investing on a food mill. It doesn’t need to be fancy, it just needs to do it’s job. Using a food mill really saves us a lot of time while making the sauce (Yay! more times saved!). You don’t need to skin and seed the tomatoes first. Just simply half or quarter the tomatoes and throw them into a pot. Bring them to a boil and let the tomatoes cook down. Once they are soft run them through the mill to remove the seeds and skins. This also makes the sauce smooth. If you don’t have a mill go ahead and skin and seed them first. Put them in a pot and boil them down. In batches, blend the tomatoes until smooth or use an immersion blender.

For ever 4 cups of tomato juice add:

1 Tbs salt
1 Tbs choped basil
1 Tbs chopped oregano
1 tsp chopped thyme
1 tsp chopped rosemary
2 cloves of garlic, minced

Bring to a boil and then reduce to a simmer. Simmer down the sauce and herbs until it reaches the desired consistency. This, of course, is a personal preference but can take over an hour depending on how much sauce you have. While it’s simmering prepare your jars and to each 8 oz jar add 1.5 tsp lemon juice. Ladle sauce into jars and then process in a water bath canner for 35 minutes.

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Monday’s Guests – Rabbit Liver Pate

Today’s post comes from Kitty over at Havenscourt Homestead. She graciously gave us some of this delicious pate this weekend to try out. I’m a fan of liver in general sauteed up with some garlic – yum! But if you don’t like eating liver you may still like pate. 
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Rabbit Liver Pate
Mention liver to most people and you’re bound to get one oftwo answers:  YUMor ICK!  In my experience, liver has had moreof an ick factor.  I’m not sure why.  I think it’s just a texture thing along witha very strong flavor.  Or maybe it’s becauseI grew up with a father that loved to coat liver with flour and cook it withonions, then expect us children to eat that awful smelly stuff.  What can I say?  I was a kid. I didn’t like broccoli either.
Enter adulthood and I discovered pate.  Mmmmm… Rich, smooth, creamy, deliciouspate.  I immediately loved it.  Little did I know it was basically my fathersliver and onions pureed and served cold with crackers.  But pate is expensive in the store, so Ididn’t eat it too often. 
Fast forward to my homestead.  Now that I raise the bulk of my own meat, Ihave lots of liver.  Putting it in thestock pot with the bones and such just seemed to be a waste.  So I decided it was time to try my hand athomemade pate.  Liver is verynutritious.  It’s a good source ofThiamin, Zinc and Manganese, and a very good source of Protein, Vitamin A,Vitamin C, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, PantothenicAcid, Iron, Phosphorus, Copper and Selenium. 
After searching the internet for recipes, I settled on onefrom Hoyt Archery.  It seemed simple andcontained herbs that I like and had on hand. I especially liked that it called for soaking the liver in milk.  I had heard that this made the liver muchbetter tasting.  And I just happened tohave fresh raw goat milk in the refrigerator. Of course I also had 2-1/2 lbs of fresh rabbit liver, much more than therecipe called for.  So I multiplied allthe ingredients by 2-1/2 and got down to it. 
LiverPate
1pound liver
1 cup milk
1/2 cup unsalted butter, cut into pieces
1 tablespoon olive oil
1 cup chopped onion
2 teaspoons minced garlic
2 bay leaves
1/2 teaspoon dried thyme
1/2 teaspoon salt, or to taste
1/2 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper
1/4 cup brandy
Place the liver and milk into a bowl.  Cover and refrigerate at least 2 hours.  I actually let mine soak overnight.  When you are ready to start cooking, put theliver in a colander and drain well.
In a large skillet or wok over medium-high heat melt fourtablespoons of butter with one tablespoon of olive oil.  Add the onions and cook, stirring often,until they are soft and pale.  You don’twant to brown them.  Once the onions aresoft, add the minced garlic and cook until fragrant.  Again, do not brown it.  You just want the wonderful aroma.  This should only take a minute or two.
Carefully add the liver to the onions.  Then add in your spices.  This recipe uses thyme and bay leaves.  But you could use just about any spice youlike.  I tend to cut the salt in halfwhen I cook.  I find that most recipesdon’t need as much as they call for.  IfI feel something needs more salt when I’m done, it’s easy enough to season itafterwards.
Gently stir and sauté until the liver is browned on theoutside, but still slightly pink in the inside. I test this by simply slicing a bit of the liver using the slotted spoonI’m cooking with.  At this point, Ithought it smelled wonderful.  I wasready to grab a fork.  I honestly don’tknow why I didn’t enjoy this aroma when I was a kid.
Once browned, remove the skillet from the heat.  Pour on the brandy.  Don’t forget to have a nip for yourself!  Return the skillet to the heat and light thebrandy.  *POOF* Flambé!  What can I say?  I’m a pyromaniac.  I love to flambé!  Besides, the flames only last for a minute orso until the alcohol is burned off.  Butif you have guests that have never seen it, they’ll be most impressed.
Continue to cook until most of the liquid hasevaporated.  The liver should be cookedthrough, but it should still be tender. Again, test it by slicing into it to make sure it’s brownthroughout.  Remove the skillet from theheat and allow the liver and onions to cool slightly.  Remove the bay leaves.
Carefully spoon the liver and onions into a foodprocessor.  Depending upon the size, youmay have to do this in batches.  Pureethe mixture until smooth.  Cut theremaining butter into small pieces and add them to the pate.  Pulse to blend.  Don’t worry about over processing at thispoint.  You want everything to be smoothand blended together.
Taste your creation. If you need to adjust any of the seasonings, now is the time to doit.  Just be sure to pulse the mixture tomake sure any additions are thoroughly blended in.
Before packing your pate into a mold or other container, oilthe mold with a little olive oil.  Thishelps to prevent it from sticking.  Youcan also use plastic wrap.  Since I had avery large batch, I used a 9” loaf pan. I lined it with plastic wrap and then used a paper towel to wipe theinside with olive oil.  Next, cover thepate with plastic wrap, pressing it down onto the surface to eliminate as muchair as possible.  Air will cause thesurface to discolor.   This doesn’t hurtthe flavor or freshness of the pate.  Itjust doesn’t look as nice.  Pop it intothe refrigerator until it is firm, at least 6 hours.
One great thing about pate is that it freezes well.  So if you’ve made a large batch like I did,simply slice it up, seal it, and freeze it. I have a vacuum sealer.  If youare freezing any meats, I highly recommend buying one.  It sucks all the air out of the package andseals it up perfectly for freezing.  Imade each package about 4-5 ounces which is a good serving size forentertaining.
To serve, simply unmold it onto a plate and addgarnish.  Pate is great with crackers,flat bread, or toast.  Serve it with yourfavorite cheese and a glass of wine. Once you realize how quick and simple it is to make, you’ll never takepotato salad to a potluck again!
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