Peppers

One of the biggest mistakes I did this year was not keep the pepper tags with the peppers. I have over a dozen varieties planted out there and most of them I have no idea what they are.

I’ve looked online and attempted to match them up, but really I’m still not positive on what is what. I’ve got two plants that both look like Fresno peppers, but I remember only buying one. There are only two plants that I know what they are for sure. The Habanero and the Fish Pepper. I really like the Fish Pepper. It’s really hot and it has this cool green and white variegation on the fruit and the leaves.

I’ve also got these cool long cayenne type peppers. I have two plants with these cayenne type peppers – one is a Kung Pao and the other is an Aci Sivri (traditional Turkish pepper). I can’t remember which one is which.

Lesson learned. Next year I’m going to not only make sure I keep the tags with the plants but I’m going to plant the varieties separated from each other in different areas of the garden. I’ll then be able to tent them so I can save the seed easier and make sure that I have enough biodiversity.

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Farmegeddon

Have you ever watched a movie and had an overwhelming desire to throw something at the screen? I recently had that experience. It wasn’t the first time but I think it was the strongest. The urge to throw a heavy object wasn’t due to the movie being bad, it was because the subject matter made me so angry and feel so completely helpless.

This past Sunday we got a chance to see a screening of Farmegeddon in San Francisco. I know I’ve posted the trailer here a couple of times, but at the time I hadn’t seen it yet. Now I’ve seen it and can say, without a doubt, that everyone must see this movie.

The USDA (or US-Duh as Joel Salatin calls it) has it out for small farmers. They spend inordinate amounts of money (upwards of over $1M per farm) to take down a small farm. Small farms that have never made anyone sick and are simply giving their customers what they want.

Here’s the trailer once again:

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Making Do With What You Have

Two weeks ago our oven died. The pilot light wouldn’t stay lit and neither would the actual oven if you turned the gas on.

I rejoiced. I hated that oven. It was some cheap, never-heard-of brand that came with the house. I had been looking for an excuse to replace it.

Of course we weren’t prepared for it to die and we’ve been insanely busy lately so going stove shopping wasn’t on the top of our priority list. Not to mention that it’s been hotter than Hades lately, so we normally don’t bake anything this time of year anyways. Plus the stove top was still working.

But sometimes you forget that you don’t have an oven and as you (or in this case, Jeanette) are putting together an amazing dish you realize just before you put the pot into the oven that it doesn’t work.

So the only option you have is to use the gas-grill-turned-charcoal-barbecue. But we didn’t have any briquettes or charcoal. We did have plenty of wood though, so a wood burning oven made from an old barbecue was the only option. Believe it or not, it worked splendidly, except for the permanent color change of the bright red dutch oven to a darker maroon color – which I think I like even better.

Tom has always wanted a Wedgewood stove. Now was our chance to get one because we now had a reason to get one. Except our kitchen is tiny and our current stove is wedged into a space that’s only 30″ wide between a counter and a floor to ceiling cabinet. That didn’t seem to stop us from bringing home a beautiful Wedgewood we found on Craigslist that was 40″ wide. So the cabinet has to find a new place. We’re just not sure where though.

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Beef with the Chickens

I’m super excited about this upcoming event at Soul Food Farm in Vacaville! Alexis Koefoed and her family run Soul Food Farm, which specializes in pastured eggs and meat. Last year we went to this event and had a great time. The food was out of this world and it will be again this time as well.

Come explore Soul Food Farm for a day of Artisan Beef Butchery. Chefs from the Fairmont Hotel, Sociale, and Monti’s will be there featuring grass-fed beef from Agricola Grassfed Beef Ranch. The Whole Beast will be there discussing open fire cooking and Dave the Butcher, Chris Arentz , Angela Wilson, Zach Gero, and Josh Kleinsmith will demonstrate how to break down half a steer. After the demo, there will be a raffle for the cuts of beef. And did I mention there will be free microbrew beer and wine? 


The money from this event goes to help create school garden programs in Solano County, Slow Food Solano, and small farms in the Bay Area. 


You can buy tickets here

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Guest Post – Bees in the Backyard

Dee Mason shares with us today about making the choice to become a beekeeper in the city. 
 
Bees in the Backyard 

People have been keeping beessince the time of the ancient Egyptians. While the technology has changed therewards remain great and now many city dwellers have caught on to thebeekeeping craze. You might not think it, but beekeeping is fun and safe. Andit can even be profitable. Here’s what you need to know about urban beekeeping.
How Hard is Urban Beekeeping?

First of all, urban beekeepingisn’t difficult. It takes about the same commitment as looking after yourroof garden or window box. Before you start, though, you’ll need to makesure that you are allowed to keep bees in your backyard. Check up on zoningpermissions and, it wouldn’t hurt to make sure the neighbors are ok with ittoo. If someone next door is allergic to bees, you might need to think again.Next, think about the space available for keeping your bees. You don’t need alot for a single colony so if you’ve got a little outdoor space, like a roofdeck, you’ll probably be ok.
What You Need

Next, you’ll need to get some equipment.Beehives need to be kept off the ground to protect them from predators. You canbuy a hive stand or make one yourself out of blocks and planks of wood. You’llneed something to protect the hive from the wind. In an urban setting, you’llprobably have a high wall somewhere that will help with this. And if your beesare hidden from view, it’s less likely that your neighbors will be botheredabout them. Bees need a lot of water, and they like to collect it themselves. Afaucet dripping onto a piece of wood or a plant pot which serves as a mini-pondcan be good options. One thing bees don’t need, which may surprise you, isflowers. Bees are happy to fly for miles to collect pollen and there areusually plenty of flowers around, even in an urban area.
Protecting Yourself from the Bees

You will also need protectivewear. You don’t need always need a full protective suit like the ones yousometimes see on TV, but you will need a hat–to keep bees out of yourhair–and a veil–to keep them away from your face. A light jacket to protectthe arms may also be a good idea. However, if you want to be sure of beingprotected from stings, then the full suit is an option. The most importantthing is to feel comfortable when working with your bees and moving boxes around. Finally, you’llneed something to smoke the bees out when you’re ready to work in the hive.
Get Trained

Many first time urban beekeepersattend a course to find out all they need to know about bee behavior. It’s importantto know how bees nest–in cavities and hollows–where they store honey. Also,where the queen lives and where the eggs are–in the bottom of the hive, whichis the safest area. Your hive needs to replicate this if you are building ityourself, or you can buy a purpose built hive that’s right for your space.
Now you’re set, it’s time tochoose your bees–Italians, Russians, Carnolians or a variation of thosethree–and introduce them to the hive. Once your bees are in, then you’ll havelittle to do in fall and winter, but when the eggs are laid in spring or summeryou’ll need to make sure your bees are protected from mites. Watch out forswarming too, as you could lose half your colony.
Harvesting the Honey

The summer honey harvest is thetime you’ve been waiting for, when you get to reap the rewards of a successfulbeekeeping year. Depending on how much you spend on hives and equipment you maynot make that much the first year, but you’d be surprised how profitable urbanbeekeeping can be.  Not every harvest is good, but when you get a goodone, you can have fresh honey for breakfast and bring in some pennies. Yourneighbors will probably be happy to buy from you and you can check out localmarkets as well. Done right, urban beekeeping is profitable, personallyrewarding and safe–try it today!
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Shirred Eggs

This is my new favorite way of eating eggs. It’s rich and salty and flavorful. Can you ask for anything more?

1/4 tsp butter
2 Tbs Cream (I skim the fresh cream off of our goats’ milk)
2 eggs
Salt and Pepper
Chives

1. Preheat oven to 375 deg F
2. With the butter, grease a ramekin
3. Put the cream in the ramekin and then break the eggs into the cream. Gently move the yolks toward the center.
4. Top with salt, pepper and chives. You can also add cheese if you’d like as well.
5. Bake for 12 minutes. You want the center still a bit jiggly while the edges can be pulled away from the side of the ramekin.

Viola! You’ve got shirred eggs.

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Things We Learned Last Week

My mom’s vegetable garden

Last week we were in Ohio visiting my mom. We got a chance to visit a lot of farms. As an added bonus my mom’s next door neighbors are organic vegetable farmers. While there we learned a lot about growing food even though they have a significantly different climate. We took what we learned and developed a plan for some changes around here.

  • We’ll be eliminating our raised herb beds. We’ve decided to make pallet boxes for our potatoes, which will free up quite a bit of bed space, so the herbs will be finding a permanent location to park in our vegetable beds. This will also help keep the turkeys out of the chives.
  • Speaking of raised beds, we’re going to be turning our two smaller beds into raised beds. It’s the only way we’re going to be able to beat the weeds that are in those beds. We’ll be putting weedblock fabric under them to help keep the bindweed and bermuda grass out. 
  • Douglas Fir is totally fine to build beds out of. The costs of cedar and redwood are astronomical and you don’t want to use pressure treated wood for vegetable beds. The cost of Doug Fir is just a fraction of the cost of redwood. It will last 3-5 years here. Redwood and cedar last about 20 years before replacement. By the time redwood would need to be replaced I could have used Doug Fir and actually spent less money even though I’ve replaced it multiple times. 
  • It just doesn’t get hot enough here to really get all we can from some plants, like squash, tomatoes, peppers, eggplant, cucumbers and melons. So to help that along we’re going to put down black plastic on the beds to keep the soil a lot warmer for these varieties.
  • I hate to do this, but I think we need to just suck it up and use a rototiller to break up our clay soil and to incorporated compost and manure. Our garden area is just too big and takes too much time to hand dig, especially with everything else we’ve got going on. 

I’m hoping these changes will help cut down on our gardening chores. 

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Nature is Cruel

In the past week and a half our two does both kindled.

Kit from Kumquat’s last litter

Lucy kindled early last week. She’s my dependable doe that has proven herself to be a good mom. Unfortunately one of her kits was stillborn. It happens, and this isn’t the first time it’s happened to her. One of the other kits is a runt – much smaller than its siblings. It’s lively and energetic and otherwise seems to be doing OK. Since she only has 6 kits total right now, and 8 teats, it’s not a huge concern that it won’t be able to feed, but we’re definitely keeping an eye on it.

Kumquat, on the other hand is a fickle rabbit. She kindled earlier this week. The first sign that we might have a problem is that she didn’t pull fur to make a nest for them. She did kindle in the nest box so we put orchard grass around them and hoped for the best. After all, the last time she kindled she didn’t pull fur until the kits were 2 days old.

But 2 days went by and she still hadn’t pulled any fur and the kits weren’t growing. At all. It became clear yesterday that she had completely abandoned them. They were nearly a full week younger than Lucy’s kits, and because Lucy already had 6 kits that were twice the size of Kumquat’s kits we couldn’t give them to her without risking Lucy abandoning not only Kumquat’s kits but also her own. So we had to let them go.

Rabbits are incredibly difficult to foster, and at this age it’s even more difficult. And to be honest, we thought she was feeding them because there were definite signs that she was going into the nest box with them. Because rabbits nurse their kits only twice a day and are very private about it, it wasn’t totally obvious that she wasn’t feeding them until it was too late to save them.

This wasn’t Kumquat’s first litter, which she raised perfectly. The only reason I can think she didn’t want to mother these kits is because Lucy moved into the hutch next to her a couple of months ago and she still seems a bit pissed about it. Once Lucy’s kits are out of the nest box, we’ll move them and Lucy back to Lucy’s old hutch, which was previously home to her last kits.

And sometimes a rabbit just doesn’t want to be a mom.

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Reader Questions: Goats, Gophers and Bunnies

We got some great questions to go over today!

The first is from the Metropolitan Homestead:
I’d like to ask how you got started with milking goats and how much daily work they really need.


Our girls Daisy (front) and Bella (back)

We had been thinking for quite awhile about getting goats but at first we didn’t think we had the space to keep them. We were then introduced to Kitty from Havenscourt Homestead in Oakland, who was raising 4 goats (she has 5 plus 3 kids right now) on her 4,000 sf lot. She gave us a consultation on goats and we quickly realized that they were totally feasible for us. In February of 2010 we got our first two does.

In October we felt it was time to breed them, so we “rented” a buck from one of Tom’s friends who raised the same breed. We kept him at our house for about 40 days to make sure that our girls were pregnant. Bella got pregnant 3 weeks before Daisy, which was nice because it gave us some breathing room between kiddings. Bella kidded in late March and Daisy kidded in early April. For the first two weeks after kidding we let the kids have all the milk. This is not only to get them stronger faster, but also the milk during those first two weeks still has colostrum in it which isn’t particularly appetizing. Some people take the kids away and bottle feed them but because we work full time, this wasn’t feasible.

Before we even bred them, we started working with them on the stanchion- which is a milking stand – to get them used to it and used to us touching their teats and udders. It took some time, but now they are dolls (for the most part) while getting milked.

As for daily work, it depends on how much you want to play with them. Since we still have the kids we only milk once a day, but once they are gone we’ll be milking them twice a day. Milking usually takes about 15 minutes and it needs to be done at 12 hour intervals. Feeding and watering are daily, of course, and we give them dairy pellet twice a day. It’s good to spend a little bit of time observing them each day to make sure everyone is healthy. Other than that, it’s not a huge block of time. As long as you have at least two, they are happy.

Rebekah Clarke asks:
Do you have gopher problems? I lost a lot of plants to gopher problems and I would love to hear solutions people have.
We currently don’t have gophers (knock on wood) but at our previous house they were a concern. Chicken wire with the smaller cells and hardware cloth (wire mesh) are your best defenses. For young trees you want to create a basket that’s twice as wide and deep as the rootball to plant the tree in. For vegetable beds your best bet is raised beds with the chicken wire or hardware cloth between the ground and the bed. Of course, after several years, the wire will need to be replaced because it will rust and won’t be able to protect against the determined little buggers.

Lucy with her kits

Justin Wandro asks:
How long do you keep the baby rabbits in with the mother before moving them out to their own cage. Also do you buy feed for the rabbits or grow your own?
If we’re planning on breeding again we generally start removing them at 6 weeks old. We only remove one at a time (males first starting with the largest) to help our doe dry up her milk slowly so it’s less uncomfortable for her. If we don’t plan to breed right away we’ll only remove the males at 7 weeks old and leave her daughters in with her until they get too big and they need their own space.

We both buy and feed them what we’ve grown. If you want to feed them forage just make sure they get the proper nutrition so they grow up healthy and strong.

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Backyard Animal Slaughter

Mr. James McWilliams recently decided to write an op-ed for the Atlantic that made me simply shake my head. There really was no other reaction to it because it was some of his worst writing to date. And that’s saying a lot for Mr. McWilliams.

His argument? That animals were better off being killed in slaughterhouses far from everyone than to allow urban farmers to slaughter their own meat animals. He wasn’t arguing for veganism (for once) but rather removing people as far away from their food source as possible. In his opinion the “experts” have never botched an animal slaughter. He then linked to a couple of anecdotes (including friends of mine) to try to prove his point.

But what he didn’t do was the proper research about what exactly happened. Nor does he follow any logic in his train of thought. And let’s not get me started on the photo he chose which had absolutely nothing to do with backyard meat production. Rather it’s a 4 legged chicken, being held inappropriately by the way, that was born in an Indian slaughterhouse.

His first anecdotal victim was my friend, Heidi. He linked to a post she did about a terminally ill hen she had. Mind you, this was a hen only intended for egg production. She had gotten Mareks, which is a deadly, incurable disease. When Heidi had purchased her and the rest of her flock, being the responsible chicken owner she is, she asked the seller if they had been vaccinated and was told by the unscrupulous seller that they had been when in fact they had not been.

This poor chicken had no hope of recovery and was slowly suffocating. Heidi had to do something right away and since most vets, even rural ones, don’t deal with chickens, she felt she had to put it out of it’s misery on her own. I wouldn’t say she botched the chicken slaughter. And honestly, I’ve heard her recount the story multiple times and the only thing I feel is sorry for her and the torment she went through trying to put this animal out of it’s misery.

Apparently this is Mr. McWilliams’ argument against backyard meat production.

Heidi has since learned how to properly slaughter a chicken. How do I know? Because Tom and I were the ones she came to for help because she didn’t want to repeat what had happened. We showed her a couple of different ways so she could find the best way to do the deed. Of course, you fail to mention that she has since learned how to slaughter a chicken properly. But I don’t find that surprising considering the content I usually find here on the Atlantic – poorly cited and poorly researched while being overly sensational.

My husband regularly teaches people how to slaughter poultry and rabbits (oh the horrors!) so that they will do it properly – fast and as painlesss and stress free as possible. Of course life and death are never perfect and sometimes things do go wrong no matter how many precautions you make. All you can do is make sure to finish the job as quickly as possible and learn from the experience. We no longer use the killing cone since we had a escape-prone chicken actually  escape from it. Instead we now go with what we feel is the quickest death even if it is less comfortable for us.

Those of us that raise our own animals are doing so because we don’t want to be part of the industrialized agricultural machine that routinely abuses animals for the sake of the almighty dollar. Mistakes will be made but we learn from them so that instead of thousands of animals being abused for our sake we reduce that amount to nearly zero.

Now that you’ve read my long winded rant I implore you to read Heidi’s open letter to McWilliams. I promise you’ll laugh your ass off. 

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